The 1956 Sugar Bowl Football Game Controversy stemmed from a college bowl game played between the Georgia Tech University Yellow Jackets and the University of Pittsburgh (Pitt) Panthers on January 2, 1956, in New Orleans, Louisiana. The controversy stemmed from the decision by Georgia governor Marvin Griffin, a white segregationist, to ban any Georgia team from playing the Pitt Panthers […]

Coleridge Bernard “C.J.” Stroud IV is a American football quarterback for the Houston Texans in the National Football League (NFL). Stroud was born on October 03, 2001 to Kimberley Stroud and Coleridge Bernard Stroud III in Rancho Cucamonga, California. Growing up, his father pleaded guilty to kidnapping, carjacking, and robbery and received a 38-years-to-life sentence under the California three strikes […]

Stephen K. Benjamin, the first African American mayor of Columbia, South Carolina, was born Stephen Keith Benjamin on December 1, 1969, in Queens, New York. Both parents were from Orangeburg, South Carolina. Benjamin grew up in New York City. He received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of South Carolina in 1991, where he was elected […]

In 1956, running back Abner Haynes and his teammate Leon King became the first Black student-athletes to play for a predominantly white four-year Texas university at North Texas State College (NTSC), today known as the University of North Texas, in Denton. Haynes sparked the freshman team to an undefeated 5-0 season. The next three seasons, he led the team in […]

Leon King in 1956, along with teammate Abner Haynes, became the first Black student-athletes to attend a previously-segregated four-year Texas university when they enrolled at North Texas State College (NTSC) in Denton. King, a talented receiver and punter for Dallas’s Lincoln High School, met teammate Abner Haynes there. As Lincoln High seniors in 1955, King and Haynes played Port Arthur […]

James Farley Ragland, Sr., pharmacist and poet, was born on August 24, 1904, in South Boston, Halifax, Virginia, in the Community Memorial Hospital, to Parham B. Ragland (1854-1909), a Baptist Preacher, and Lucy Ragland (1862-1943). James Ragland had one brother, Elijah Paul Ragland (1900-1962). The elder Ragland had other children: Leon Benson Ragland, and three sisters, Lizzy Ragland Lawrence, Kate […]

Youngstown, Ohio’s first African American mayor was Roy Koyo Jawara Williams, popularly known as “Jay” Williams was born in Youngstown on September 26, 1971, and attended public schools in the city. After high school graduation he attended Youngstown State University where he was awarded a bachelor’s degree in finance in 1989. After graduation, he worked for several local banks and […]

Award-winning flutist, composer, conductor, and the first woman president of the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians Nicole Mitchell was born on February 17, 1967, in Syracuse, New York, to Joan Beard Mitchell, an artist and poet. She was reared in Anaheim, California. At nine, Mitchell began piano and viola and quickly excelled. During her teenage years, she began […]

Despite losing her father at the age of three, Mildred Katherine Ellis, born on September 20, 1906, in Johnson City, Tennessee, a renowned musicologist, composer, theorist, and pianist, began her piano studies early. Her academic journey began at Douglass Elementary School in Johnson City. On Sundays, however by her teenage years, she served as a pianist and accompanist for her […]

Nathaniel “Nat” Trives, the first African American mayor of Santa Monica, California, was born in 1934 or 1935 in Birmingham, Alabama. Shortly after his birth the family moved to Indiana, and later, Ohio. In 1949 the family relocated to Santa Monica, California where his father worked in real estate. After graduating from Santa Monica High School, Trives attended community college […]